Page 45 - ⑨环境与发展第3期

生物多样性与自然保护

(1.InnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionGeologicalSurveyInstitute,HohhotInnerMongolia010018,China;2.
Ulanqab Agricultural and Forestry Science Research Institute, Ulanqab Inner Mongolia 012000, China; 3.
UlanqabAgriculturalandLivestockProductQualitySafetyCenter,UlanqabInnerMongolia012000,China)

Abstract:In order to clarify the relationship between aboveground biomass and soil physical and chemical prop⁃
erties of different shrub types, this paper selected 21 vegetation and soil survey sites in Western Ordos, selected 7
main shrub types as the research object, and used the quadrat harvest method to study the aboveground biomass of
shrubs, analyzing the relationship between it and soil physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the
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aboveground biomass of the shrub in West Ordos ranged from 9.55 to 1105.46 g·m , with an average value of 162.48
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g·m ; The order of aboveground biomass of shrubs in different administrative regions is Yanchi County＞Etuoke
Front Banner＞ Lingwu City＞Etuoke Banner＞Tongxin County＞Yongning County＞Qingtongxia City＞Pingluo
County＞Huinong County; This trend is basically consistent with the variation trend of precipitation in various re⁃
gions, which is generally characterized by a high distribution in the western margin of Ordos and the central region of
Ningxia, while a low distribution in the northern region of Ningxia. The aboveground biomass of different shrub types
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ranged from 33.72 to 648.10 g·m , with an average of 156.97 g·m ; The aboveground biomass of Salix cheilophila
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shrub is the largest, reaching 648.10 ± 96.78 g·m , while that of Oxytropis apichylla shrub is the smallest, reaching
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33.72 ± 7.65 g·m ; The shrub community structure with the highest aboveground biomass is Salix negundo+Artemis⁃
ia ordosica, and the lowest is Oxytropis spinifera+ Ajania fruticulosa shrub; The effect of the number of plants on the
aboveground biomass of shrubs is not significant, while the relationship between coverage and aboveground biomass of
shrubs is closer, and they have a similar trend of change. The correlation between aboveground biomass of shrubs and
soil water content was extremely significant, while the correlation between aboveground biomass and soil organic mat⁃
ter, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus was significant, while the correlation between aboveground biomass and soil
pH and soil bulk density was not significant. The contribution of bulk density and pH to the first and second principal
components is very small, with the highest contribution of total phosphorus to the first principal component and the
lowest contribution of soil water content to the first principal component; Soil water content, aboveground biomass, to⁃
tal phosphorus, organic matter, and total nitrogen are the main factors that determine the characteristics of shrub com⁃
munities. This study is helpful for estimating the productivity of desert shrub grassland communities in Western Or⁃
dos, and provides a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of local degraded grassland and the rational develop⁃
ment and utilization of plant resources.
Key words：West Ordos; Bushes; Aboveground biomass; Physical and chemical properties of soil

生物量是植物积累能量的主要体现，反映 原 [9-11] 、湿地 等陆地生态系统或群落的生物量
[12]
了生态系统生产力的大小 [1-3] ，是生态系统物质 分布及格局进行了详细的研究，但是对植物群

循环和能量流动的重要载体，是研究生态系统 落的研究大多以单一植物种为主 。因此，现
[13]
结构和功能的基础 。植物群落是生态系统的 缺乏不同土壤和植物群落特征对地上生物量
[4]
主要组分，是生态系统存在的基础，决定生态 影响的研究。
系统的形态特征 。而植物群落与其立地条件 灌丛是中国西北干旱区主要的植被类型，
[5]
的关系决定了生态系统结构和功能的稳定 在中国大量分布，面积约为 2×10 hm 2[14] 。灌丛
8
性 。近年来，国内外学者对生物量的估算和 具有防风固沙、保持水土等重要生态作用，其
[6]
分配的研究给予了高度的关注，对森林 [7-8] 、草 较强的抗逆性以及发达的根系和较小的叶面

HUANJINGYUFAZHAN 39