Page 99 - ⑨环境与发展第3期

ZONGSHU 综述

包头市一次强沙尘暴污染特点分析

林忠，胡越
（内蒙古自治区环境监测总站包头分站,内蒙古 包头 014010）

摘要：通过对包头市 2021 年 3 月 14-21 日发生的一次强沙尘暴过程中的颗粒物浓度、天气形势
场、气象参数、卫星遥感资料进行分析，归纳此次沙尘污染过程特点：1.过程影响程度强，持续时

间长，影响范围广，属近十年罕见。2.过程包含沙尘形成、发展、回流、叠加第二波沙尘影响、沙尘
清除5个阶段。沙尘起源于蒙古国，蒙古气旋及大风为其提供动力条件。3.在沙尘发展阶段，包
头市处于严重污染共27h，期间出现PM 与PM 同步为首要污染的少见的现象，第二波沙尘影响
10 2.5
程度减弱，颗粒物浓度变化与一般沙尘天气过程变化规律一致。
关键词：强沙尘暴；沙尘过程；污染特点；气象条件

中图分类号：X16 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2095-672X(2023)03-0093-08
DOI.10.16647/j.cnki.cn15-1369/X.2023.03.016

Analysis of pollution characteristics of a strong dust storm in Baotouof pollution characteristics of a strong dust storm in Baotou
Analysis

Lin Zhong,Hu Yue
(InnerMongoliaEnvironmentalMonitoringCenterinBaotouSubbranch,BaotouInnerMongolia 014010,
China)

Abstract:By analyzing the pollutant concentration, weather situation field, meteorological parameters, and satel⁃
lite remote sensing data during a strong dust storm that occurred in Baotou City from March 14 to 21, 2021.The results
showed that:(1)The process impact degree is strong, long duration, wide range of impact, which is rare in the last de⁃
cade;(2)The process contains 5 stages,which are development, reflux, superimposed on the second wave of dust im⁃
pact, dust removal.Sand and dust originate in Mongolia and are powered by Mongolian cyclones and high winds.(3)
During the dust development phase, Baotou City was in severe pollution for a total of 27 hours, during which there was
a rare phenomenon of PM and PM synchronized as the primary pollution.The second wave of sand and dust affects
10 2.5
the degree of weakening, and the change of particulate concentration is consistent with the change pattern of general
sand and dust weather process.
Key words：Strong sandstorm;Sand and dust process;Pollution characteristics;Meteorological conditions

HUANJINGYUFAZHAN 93